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VERBOS IRREGULARES/ IRREGULAR VERBS
Stem-changing verbs: e
to ie
Spanish verbs are composed of a stem and a root (-ar, -er and
-ir). Some irregular verbs change their stem in the present tense, indicative mode. When a verb is conjugated,
and e is the last stem vowel, and it's stressed, e changes
to ie. However, in the third (nosotros) and second-person (vosotros) plural forms,
there is NO stem change because the stress does not fall on the stem that contains e. For a fully conjugated list, click on an underlined
Spanish verb.
NOTE their endings are regular in all forms.
|
Pronoun |
|
|
|
|
yo/ I |
pienso |
quiero |
prefiero |
|
tú/ you |
piensas |
quieres |
prefieres |
|
él, ella, Ud./ he, she, you |
piensa |
quiere |
prefiere |
|
nosotros/ we |
pensamos |
queremos |
preferimos |
|
vosotros/ you |
pensáis |
queréis |
preferís |
|
ellos/ they |
piensan |
quieren |
prefieren |
LESSONS: Financial Structure I & Financial Structure Ia
Stem-changing verbs: o to ue
Certain verbs change their stem in the present tense. When the last
stem vowel is a stressed o, it changes to ue.
Also note that stem vowel is NOT stressed in nosotros and vosotros; therefore, the o
does NOT change to ue. Their endings are regular in all forms. For a fully conjugated list, click on an underlined Spanish verb.
|
Pronoun |
|
|
|
|
yo/ I |
almuerzo |
puedo |
duermo |
|
tú/ you |
almuerzas |
puedes |
duermes |
|
él, ella, Ud./ he, she, you |
almuerza |
puede |
duerme |
|
nosotros/ we |
almorzamos |
podemos |
dormimos |
|
vosotros/ you |
almorzáis |
podéis |
dormís |
|
ellos/ they |
almuerzan |
pueden |
duermen |
| Other
verbs in the same category: |
|
For a full conjugation, click
on a verb |
contar/ to count,
costar/ to cost (It's conjugated only in 3rd
persons)
devolver/ to return something,
morir/ to die,
mostrar/ to show,
recordar/ to remember,
soñar/ to dream about,
sonar/ to ring, sound,
volar/ to fly. |
LESSONS: Financial Structure II & Financial Structure IIa
Stem-changing verbs: e to i
Verbs of the third conjugation group, -ir,
change the stem vowel from e to i in the present tense,
indicative mode. For these verbs, when e is stressed, and it's the last stem vowel, it
changes to i. However, in nosotros and vosotros there is NO
change. For a fully conjugated list, click on
an underlined Spanish verb.
|
Pronoun |
|
|
|
yo/ I |
compito |
sigo |
|
tú/ you |
compites |
sigues |
|
él, ella, Ud./ he, she, you |
compite |
sigue |
|
nosotros/ we |
competimos |
seguimos |
|
vosotros/ you |
competís |
seguís |
|
ellos/ they |
compiten |
siguen |
| Other
verbs in the same category: |
|
For a full conjugation, click
on a verb |
conseguir/ to obtain,
corregir/ to correct,
decir/ to say, tell,
elegir/ to elect, choose,
impedir/ to prevent,
pedir/ to ask for,
repetir/ to repeat,
servir/ to serve |
LESSONS: Financial Structure III & Financial Structure IIIa
Irregular 1st person forms
The following verbs are irregular only in the first person singular
of the present tense, indicative mode. The other conjugations (persons) are regular. For a fully conjugated list, click on an underlined Spanish verb.
|
|
Present, Indicative Mode |
| Conducir/ to drive |
conduzco, conduces, conduce, conducimos, conducís, conducen |
| Conocer/ to know |
conozco, conoces,
conoce, conocemos, conocéis, conocen |
| Traducir/ to translate |
traduzco, traduces,
traduce, traducimos, traducís, traducen |
| |
|
| Hacer/ to do, make |
hago, haces,
hace, hacemos, hacéis, hacen |
| Poner/ to put, place |
pongo, pones,
pone, ponemos, ponéis, ponen |
| Salir/ to go out |
salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salís, salen
|
| Traer/ to bring |
traigo, traes,
trae, traemos, traéis, traen |
| |
|
| Oír/ to hear |
oigo, oyes,
oye, oímos, oís, oyen |
| Ver/ to see |
veo, ves, ve, vemos, veis, ven |
| Saber/ to know |
sé,
sabes, sabe, sabemos, sabéis, saben |
LESSONS: Financial Structure IV , Financial Structure IVa , Financial Structure V & (Financial Structure Va. Coming up 7/12/99)
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http://www.businessspanish.com/LECCION/Imperative.htm
El Imperativo/ Imperative Form
The imperative form is used to give an order,
direction, or command.
REGULAR VERBS
To form the command, drop the -o
of the first person present form (indicative mode) of the verb and add the following endings:
Verbs ending in -ar, such as
cobrar/ to collect money:
|
Positive Imperative |
Negative Imperative |
|
cobra (tú)
cobre (Ud.)
cobremos (nosotros)
cobrad (vosotros)
cobren (Uds., ellos) |
no cobres
no cobre
no cobremos
no cobréis
no cobren |
Verbs ending in -er and -ir, such
as prender/ to turn-on and escribir/ to write, have the same endings, except for
vosotros.
|
Positive Imperative |
Negative Imperative |
|
prende (tú)
prenda (Ud.)
prendamos (nos.)
prended
(vos.)
prendan (Uds., ellos) |
escribe
escriba
escribamos
escribid
escriban |
no prendas
no prenda
no prendamos
no prendáis
no prendan |
no escribas
no escriba
no escribamos
no escribáis
no escriban |
|
LESSONS:
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LESSONS:
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IRREGULAR VERBS -COMMANDS
The same endings mentioned above are used
for irregular verbs for the imperative form.
|
Infinitive |
Tú |
Ud., él |
Nos. |
Vos. |
Uds., ellos |
|
pensar/ to think
contar/ to count
conocer/ to know
poner/to put |
piensa
cuenta
conoce
pon |
piense
cuente
conozca
ponga |
pensemos
contemos
conozcamos
pongamos |
pensad
contad
conoced
poned |
piensen
cuenten
conozcan
pongan |
IRREGULAR FORMS -COMMANDS
1. The following have irregular command forms
for the pronoun tú:
|
Infinitive |
Pos. Imper. |
Neg. Imper. |
|
Ser/to be
Tener/ to have
Venir/ to come
Decir/ to say
Salir/ to go out
Hacer/ to do
Ir/ to go
Poner/ to put |
sé (tú)
ten (tú)
ven (tú)
di (tú)
sal (tú)
haz (tú)
ve (tú)
pon (tú) |
no seas
no tengas
no vengas
no digas
no salgas
no hagas
no vayas
no pongas |
2. The following verbs have irregular
negative command forms:
|
Infinitive |
Pos. Imper. |
Neg. Imper. |
|
Dar/ to give
Estar/ to be
Saber/ to know |
da (tú)
está (tú)
sabe (tú) |
no des
no estés
no sepas |
Although subject pronouns are rarely used with
commands, they can be placed after the verb for emphasis or courtesy.
EXAMPLES:
- Coman Uds. sin falta./ Remember
to eat.
- Firme Ud. aquí, por favor./ Please,
sign here.
LESSONS: Environment III & Environment IIIa
THE EXPRESSION LET'S...
1. This English expression is equivalent to the
command form corresponding to nosotros.
EXAMPLES:
- Abramos el vino./Let's open the
wine.
- No tomemos
tanto./ Let's not drink too much.
LESSONS: Environment IV & Environment IVa
2. The expression let's can also be expressed using vamos a + infinitive.
EXAMPLES:
- Vamos a
abrir el vino./ Let's open the wine.
- No vayamos a tomar tanto./ Let's not drink too much.
LESSONS: Environment V & Environment Va
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